Maximal safe resection of diffuse lower grade gliomas primarily within central lobe using cortical/subcortical direct electrical stimulation under awake craniotomy

BackgroundDiffuse lower-grade glioma (DLGG) in the central lobe is a challenge for safe resection pure 27 procedures.To improve the extent of resection and reduce the risk of postoperative neurological deficits, we performed an awake craniotomy with cortical-subcortical direct electrical stimulation (DES) mapping for patients with DLGG located prim

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